Mutiny Labs Lab Data journalism · 2026 Data Culture Lab

Bad Bunny: Thematic Evolution.

What happens when you score an artist's whole catalog the way an impact evaluator scores a program.

↳ live at benito.mutiny-labs.com
Bad Bunny: Thematic Evolution — hero screenshot
82
tracks scored, twice
17
validated categories
2
independent raters
the setting

Cultural commentary about music is opinion all the way down. As a research lab exercise, Mutiny Labs asked whether the craft could be measured: how an artist's themes actually move across a career, with a methodology someone could check and challenge.

the hard problem

The discipline is the point. Every track had to be scored against the same validated category definitions, corrections documented, and popularity normalized so streaming impact could sit beside thematic depth without one drowning the other. The result had to be explorable by anyone, not a paper for a drawer.

how we mutinied

The methodology came first: category definitions were locked and validated before scoring began, every track was scored against the same rubric, and corrections were documented instead of silently overwritten. Then the data got the treatment client work gets: a designed, interactive dashboard rather than a spreadsheet, because analysis that nobody explores persuades nobody.

What we built.

↓ each one working, not a mock

Two independent raters

All 82 tracks were scored on a shared rubric, then re-scored blind by a second, independent rater across all 11 subjective categories. Agreement is published per category, not quietly assumed.

A rigor tier on every category

Each of the 17 categories carries a declared rigor score, from empirical counts of streams, chart peaks and keywords down to openly subjective reads. The dashboard never lets a soft number pose as a hard one.

Consolidated 9-marker framework

A correlation matrix over the full corpus collapsed redundant categories into nine defensible markers. Two that failed the reliability bar were retired from the default view but kept visible as Extended.

Album fingerprints and trajectories

Radar profiles make each era's thematic shape comparable at a glance, and category trajectories across the catalog show what rose, what faded and what stayed constant.

A live catalog observatory

A scheduled pipeline snapshots cumulative streams and Billboard chart presence every week, so the popularity side of the analysis stays current instead of freezing on publish day.

The Super Bowl LX experiment

The February 2026 halftime show is read as a natural experiment: a +470% streaming shock, seven albums charting at once, and performed songs outrunning a control group.

How a song becomes a score
01

Lock the rubric first

Seventeen categories were defined with written criteria and calibration examples before any track was scored, so the framework could not quietly bend toward the thesis.

02

Score every track, log every call

All 82 tracks were scored on the same rubric with a short justification per category. Corrections were documented, not silently overwritten.

03

Anchor the empirical categories

Popularity, chart reach, patriotism, materialism, substances and profanity were moved from impression to counting, each with a published mapping scale.

04

Re-score blind with a second rater

An independent rater re-scored all 11 subjective categories with no access to the first pass, then agreement was measured category by category.

05

Consolidate on the evidence

A correlation matrix across the corpus fused only the markers that genuinely moved together, and retired the two categories that failed the reliability bar.

06

Keep the popularity live

A scheduled job refreshes cumulative streams and chart presence every week, so the measured side of the story never goes stale.

The scoring, opened up.

↓ every number on the dashboard is reproducible
FORMULA · composite popularity
Popularidad = 0.6 · streamScore + 0.4 · reachScore

streamScore is a stepped map of cumulative streams; reachScore is the track's peak chart position. Weighting streaming over a single chart week keeps a catalog favourite from being flattened by one good week.

≥2000M → 101000–1999M → 9600–999M → 8400–599M → 7250–399M → 6150–249M → 590–149M → 450–89M → 320–49M → 2<20M → 1
FORMULA · global reach
reachScore = f( Billboard Hot 100 peak )

The higher a track climbed, the higher the score, on a fixed ladder anyone can re-derive from public chart history.

#1 → 10#2–5 → 9#6–10 → 8#11–20 → 7#21–40 → 6#41–60 → 5#61–80 → 4#81–100 → 3Bubbling Under → 2Hot Latin only → 1
FORMULA · consolidated markers
Problemático = (Sex + Cos + Prom) / 3 · Cultural = (Pat + ConSoc + IdAfro) / 3

Categories were fused only where the correlation matrix justified it. The problematic-content cluster averaged r̄ ≈ .86, the cultural-engagement cluster r̄ ≈ .65, and explicit content fuses substances and profanity at r ≈ .75.

17 categories → 9 markers4 fusions applied2 retired below the bar
RUBRIC · substances, weighted count
Sustancias = Σ ( mention · substanceWeight · stanceWeight )

A raw keyword count would treat a critique the same as a celebration. Weighting each mention by substance and by stance keeps the number honest.

alcohol ×1marijuana ×1.5hard drugs ×2glorified ×1neutral ×0.5critical ×0
VALIDATION · inter-rater reliability
r = Pearson( rater₁ , rater₂ ) over n = 82 tracks

Every subjective category is re-scored blind and its two passes correlated. Seven categories clear r ≥ 0.62; two that fell to .32 and .16 were retired from the default view rather than defended.

Id. Afrocaribeña .80Sexismo .72Conciencia Social .71Dignidad .16 · retired
VALIDATION · bias deflation
ConcienciaSocial (DtMF): 6.5 → 3.1 under blind scoring

The first pass knew the thesis. Re-scoring blind pulled the flagship album's most thesis-friendly category down by more than three points, exactly where you would expect bias to hide.

Methodology, scoring framework and analysis © 2026 Mutiny Labs · mutiny-labs.com.

An independent exploration by Mutiny Labs. Not affiliated with, authorized, or endorsed by Rimas Entertainment, Fundación Rimas, Bad Bunny, or the Good Bunny Foundation. All trademarks, names and music remain the property of their respective owners; this is non-commercial data-journalism commentary.

What this proves.

✓ Quantitative rigor applied to messy cultural material ✓ The same scoring discipline we bring to nonprofit impact measurement ✓ Interactive data storytelling that earns attention on its own

under the hood: React 18 and TypeScript, an interactive visualization layer, a spreadsheet-to-JSON data pipeline with validation, and a scheduled serverless job that refreshes streaming and chart telemetry every week.

this could be your hard problem, solved

Want one like it?

We reply personally. A senior partner, not a sales pod. We'll tell you straight whether we can help.